_IMG_48_19VertNervousSystem_L.jpg AligN=RighT The vertebrate nervous system. The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord. Cranial _SIZ_cranial_nerves.html nerves , spinal nerves, and _FIG_48_04KneeJerkReflex.jpg ganglia outside the CNS make up the peripheral nervous system (PNS).