EXERCISE 1: Phylum Porifera – Sponges ( Scypha )

• osvulum, spicules, spongocoel, choanocyte, spongin

EXERCISE 2: Phylum Cnidaria – Hydras (Hydra)

• tentacles, gastrovascular cavity, gastrodermis, epidermis, cnidocytes, nematocyst
  Video: Hydra Budding
  Video: Hydra Releasing Sperm
  Video: Hydra Eating
  

EXERCISE 3: Phylum Platyhelminthes – Planarians (Dugesia)

• mouth, pharynx, auricle, eyespots, brain

EXERCISE 4: Phylum Annelida – Clamworms (Nereis) and Earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris)

Lab Study A. Clamworms (Nereis) - SKIP

Lab Study B. Earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris)

• Phylum Annelida, Class Oligochaeta: Earthworm: prostomium, clitelum, brain, ventral nerve cord, dorsal blood vessel, pharynx, esophagus, crop, gizzard, intestine.
  Video: Earthworm Locomotion

EXERCISE 5: Phylum Mollusca – Clams

• hinge, umbo, anterior and posterior adductor muscles, incurrent and excurrent siphons, mantle, visceral mass, muscular foot, gills, mouth, anus