Chapter 42: Circulation and Gas Exchange

mammalian_circulation #6 aorta not labeled.
cardiac_cycle AV valves: bicuspid=left, tricuspid=right; Semilunar: aortic and pulmonary. .8 sec cycle=75 pulse (72 avg); .9=66.
blood_pressure Blood pressure reading: 120/70 (mm mercury - Hg).
pacemaker STETHOSCOPE/WIPE: "lubb-dub"=start and end of ventricular systole. Last nump in ECG (EKG=Electrocardiogram) relaxes ventricles.
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SQ:      2=b  3=d?                              10=a
AQ: 1=c  2=e  3=c  4=b  5=a  6=e?               10=e alveoli
CQ: 1=c  2=a?                               9=A 10=d 11=a
  1. Erythrocytes RBC 3-4 months, destroyed in liver & spleen, The porphyrin ring of heme is converted to bilirubin (yellow), carried to liver by plasma protein albumin. Excess erythrocyte (RBC) breakdown = jaundice.
  2. Bilirubin then excreted in urine or bile (yellow/green stored in gallbladder).
  3. Monocytes are also known as macrophages after they leave the bloodstream and enter tissue.
  4. Bone marrow: protein, high in monounsaturated fats. Red marrow & yellow marrow, which contains fat & connective tissue and produces some WBC.
  5. Blood clotting