Chapter 40: Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

form_function Form follows function: Louis Sullivan 1896.
interna_exchange Circular folds further folded into villi, cells with folded membranes microvilli; alveoli; nephron.
epithelial Kidney secretion of toxins and hydrogen ions in proximal and distal tubules.
Squamous: thin/flat like a scale.
connective Fiber: long polymers; collagen triple helix.
Loose connective: fibroblasts and macrophages
Cartilage: pinna, nose, shark
Fibrous connective: nonelastic collagen bundles, tensile strength - converted into gelatin by boiling
Tendon: gets longer as muscles get shorter.
Ligament: can be stretched by exercise; double-jointed very elastic.
Osteon contains osteocytes
muscle-cardiac Intercalated: gap junctions
energy Biosynthesis: growth/repair, storage material (fat) and gametes.
heat_exchange Convection: blood moves heat from body core to extremities.
thermo-dragonfly Calico Pennant female.
hawkmoth-warmup Shivering as a defense mechanism
hibernation Goundhog, 13-lined & Franklin's ground squirrel, bats.
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SQ: 1=a  2=b? 3=e? 4=d       6=b 7=c? 9=D?
AQ: 1=d  2=c  3=C
CQ: 1=c  2=a?           5=a               45=c?
  • Stratified/Simple epithelia: layers of cells;
    Squamous/Cuboidal/Columnar: scale- or plate-like.
  • Collagenous fiber in loose connective tissue:
  • 60kg human * 2.2046 =132 lb.
  • Stasis: balance; 98.6 F = 37 C.
  • Hydrolysis reaction: add/split water
  • Positive feedback: bloood clotting, suckling/milk letdown, ethylene fruit ripening
    childbirth, pressure of the baby?s head against receptors near opening of the uterus stimulates uterine contractions, which cause greater pressure against the uterine opening, heightening the contractions, which causes still greater pressure
  • Convection oven: heated air by fans