Supplementary videos

• Dragonflies that cross oceans: simple observations lead to breathtaking discoveries

Supplementary videos

• 2010 Nobel prize for physics: graphene
• Gecko adhesion by Van der Waals forces (12:00 - 16:30)

Extra credit readings

• Scientists prove how geckos stick, unlock secrets to making artificial gecko glue EurekAlert 8/26/02

Supplementary videos

• Lizard walks on water
• Birds dance on water

Extra credit readings

• How lizards walk on water BBC News 11/24/04

Extra credit readings

• Fava Beans, Levodopa, and Parkinson's Disease Kathrynne Holden

Extra credit readings

• The Benefits And Risks Of Honey Consumption ArticlesBase 10/25/06
• How to Use Glycogen Loading to Avoid Getting Fat or Flat Ori Hofmekler
• History of starching fabric OldandInteresting 7/21/10
• State bans trans fats Los Angeles Times 7/26/08

Extra credit readings

• Reverse Osmosis Moves Forward. Environmental Health Perspectives Jan 2005
• New Risks for Nexium and Other Proton Pump Inhibitors Wall Street Journal 5/11/10
• Cramps Backpacker Sept 04

Extra credit readings

• Enzyme Cleaners Eliminate Cat Urine Odor ArticleCity 8/27/05
• The use of enzymes in detergents London South Bank University 12/20/04

Extra credit readings

• An Introduction to Probiotics National Institutes of Health Aug 2008
• Cellulosic ethanol output could explode Reuters 1/9/09

Extra credit readings

• Spinach Power Adds Muscle to Batteries New York Times 11/11/04
• Carotenoids: The Anti-Aging Antioxidants Antioxidants for Health and Longevity 2009
• A Prayerbook's Secret: Archimedes Lies Beneath NPR 7/27/06
• Algae: Biofuel Of The Future? ScienceDaily 8/19/08
• Flower power makes tropics cooler, wetter University of Chicago 6/16/10

Extra credit readings

• Nobel prize for work that led to Viagra discovery Independent News 10/13/98
• Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors Richard E. Klabunde, PhD 2/06/10

Extra credit readings

• Proto-Oncogenes and Normal Cell Growth National Cancer Institute 09/01/06
• Brain cell regeneration sniffed out in adult humans New Scientist 2/15/07
• Ghost heart has a tiny beat Nature News 1/13/08

Extra credit readings

• Are Males Genetically Doomed? Futurist Mar/Apr 05
• The XX Brain and the XY Brain Psychiatric Times Aug 05
• Seedless Watermelon University of Arkansas 8/29/03

Supplementary videos

• Meiosis and sex determination: XX males and XY females
• Evolution of Y chromosome: adventures of crossing-over
• Evolution of human chromosome #2 (Ken Miller): why do humans have 46 chromosomes?
• Calico cat and X inactivation (random deactivation of an X chromosome)

Extra credit readings

• The Effect of Female Hormone Fluctuations on the Incidence of Trisomy in Humans FGCU 98
• X-inactivation profile Nature 3/17/05

Additional thoughts/exercises

• Nucleotide excision repair animation

Supplementary videos

• Topoisomerase: the knotty problem of unwinding a double helix

Extra credit readings

• Thermostable DNA Polymerases Colorado State University 12/27/99
• 2009 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine: Telomeres Scientific American 12/5/09
• Hype, hope, and reality: telomere length, telomerase, and aging Generations Spring 00
• Telomerase's New Talent Science Now 8/17/05

Supplementary videos

• Reverse transcriptase: making DNA from RNA
• A mutation story: why can dogs synthesize vitamin C, but not higher primates?

Extra credit readings

• The Sea Change That's Challenging Biology's Central Dogma Discover Magazine 11/3/09

Supplementary videos

• DNA transcription: initiation complex
• Colonoscope removes pre-cancerous polyp

Supplementary videos

• HIV life cycle: reverse transcriptase, integrase, protease
• HIV treatment: AZT blocks reverse transcriptase
• HIV treatment: Ritonavir protease inhibitor
• Endogenous retroviruses: life cycle and ancestral implications

Extra credit readings

• Hunting Fossil Viruses in Human DNA New York Times 1/11/10
• RNA virus replication strategies University of South Carolina 4/26/10
• Hunting Fossil Viruses in Human DNA New York Times 1/11/10
• Endogenous retroviruses Retrovirology 10/3/06

Extra credit readings

• Ear today, gone tomorrow? USA Today 6/19/03
• Mosquito with glowing gonads to help battle malaria Science News 10/10/05
• Dolly Was Lucky Science News 01
• Cloners create world's first copy-cat NewScientist 2/15/2002

Supplementary videos

• Making a DNA microarray like a computer chip
• Personal DNA testing: 4:30 - 10:30 What are your genetic risk factors?

Extra credit readings

• Spot Your Genes - An Overview Of The Microarray Science Creative Quarterly August 04

Supplementary videos

• Darwin and the Galapagos Islands
• Show me the intermediate fossils: whales and hippos, oh my (University of Nebraska State Museum)

Extra credit readings

• Did Darwin get it wrong? Searching for the ancestor of Darwin's finches On Science 2005
• Ancient Walking Whales National Geographic News 9/19/01

Supplementary videos

• Intersexual selection: Vogelkop Bowerbird

Extra credit readings

• Looks Matter Science News 10/1/05

Extra credit readings

• Nanodiamond Find Supports Comet Extinction Theory National Geographic News 1/5/09

Extra credit readings

• Redrafting the Tree of Life Science Now 9/8/04

Supplementary videos

• Cholera: exotoxin
• Anthrax: exotoxin
• Botulinum toxin: a neurotoxin that inhibits release of neurotransmitters

Extra credit readings

• Row over ancient bacteria BBC News Online 6/7/01
• NZ flatulence tax outrages farmers BBC News 6/20/03
• Cow Power Could Generate Electricity For Millions ScienceDaily 7/25/08
• Sheep bacteria widen diet of cattle Science News 6/6/98
• Beyond Botox Time 5/19/03

Extra credit readings

• Unraveling the secrets of red tide MIT news 8/30/07

Supplementary videos

• How many carpels does a banana have?
• Attenborough Private Life of Plants 5:30-6:50 Birdcage plant tumbles across desert

Extra credit readings

• Can This Fruit Be Saved? Popular Science 06/19/05

Extra credit readings

• Same-sex fungi can mate The Scientist 4/26/05
• Mycorrhizae, Voles, Owls, Trees and Man Daniel B. Wheeler 97
• The Magic of Mycorrhizal Fungi Mother Earth News Jun/Jul 03

Supplementary videos

• Medicinal leech (NOVA scienceNOW)

Extra credit readings

• How Box Jellyfish Avoid Banging Into Things ScienceDaily 4/2/07
• Ligula intestinalis a tapeworm contraceptive Biologist Dec 02
• The humble leech's medical magic BBC News Online 7/2/04
• Leech rides the tunnel of love New Scientist 2/11/95
• Gullible male fireflies supply 'femmes fatales' with a lifesaving chemical Cornell U. Sep 1, 97

Extra credit readings

• Is it true turtles breathe through their butts? The Straight Dope 11/16/01
• Oldest "Human" Skeleton Found National Geographic 10/1/09