nervous-chordate Olfactory, facial (total 12 cranial), spinal nerve.
nervous Ganglia are not segmented in spinal cord, bur neurons are.
brain 12-13 cranial nerves: optic, olfactory, facial. Cerebrospinal fluid from blood. White matter can be regenerated; interior of brain, exterior of spinal cord.
glia Microglia=~moving macrophages; antibodies cannot cross BBBarrier (only gases, hormones). Astrocytes -> capillary cells form tight junctions (tight transmembrane proteins). except L-dopa converted to dopamine neurotransmitter (Parkinson).
knee-jerk KNEE-JERK: quadriceps=extensor, hamstring=flexor. Axons from spinal cord to feet a meter. Tendons attach muscle to bone.
brain_cerebrum Cortex also in kidney, adrenal, ground tissue.
brain-hemispheres Basal nuclei: planning and learning movement sequences. Dolphins sleep with one brain hemisphere at a time.
cerebral_cortex Cognition=ability to reason and learn that contributes to an accumulation of knowledge. BBC-LifeOfBirds/1.3_TheInsatiableAppetite/#36:05 New Caledonian Crow uses stick to irritate huge grub from log.
Whales also have large neocortex. Bird Pallium organized into nuclei, mammals in layers.
brain-lobes Primary sensory areas also smell/taste. Somatosensory=touch/temp. Association areas larger in humans.
cortex 22 facial muscles function in communication.
neural_plasticity sensitization.
===

SQ: 1=E                                          10=A
AQ: 1=B  2=d  3=d  4=b  5=c  6=b  7=c  8=a  9=d  10=b
   11=b
CQ:                                              10=b

0. hair cell: detects motion in vertebrate ear and in lateral line systems of fishes and amphibians.
1. Encapsulated dendrites: thermoreceptors?
2. Nociceptors naked dendrites: pain
3. Magnetic sense in birds may be in pineal gland (human circadian rhythms)
4. Motion sickness: CNS receives conflicting messages from sensory receptors; inner ear detects motion, eyes see stationary.
5. MSG sodium salt of glutamate from seaweed broth or fermenting by bacteria.
6. 10 million olfactory receptors, 1000 different types, 10,000 odors can detect 3 or 4 odor molecules dissolved in lipid-rich mucus; 10,000 taste buds.
7. rabbits 100 million receptors, dogs 1 billion.
8. Olfactory nerve to olfactory cortex in limbic system: 2 neurons in direct pathway.
9. Sclera: fibrin
10. Glaucoma: block ducts that drain aqueous humor, pressure compresses retina.
11. Cataract: opacity in the lens: UV, diabetes denatured proteins.
12. Suspensory ligament: conn. tisse supports a body part; penis, ovary; collagen fibres elastic can be stretched.
13. Inverted retina: from inner layer of the cup: light-sensitive elements are located at the outer regions,' neural connection to the brain from the inner region.
14. Primary colors: CMY subtractive, RGB additive.
15. Ball/socket: humerus-shoulder (pectoral girdle), femur-hip (pelvis)
    Hinge: jaws, knees
    Pivot: skull/vertebrae, rotate forarm